![]() To attempt to figure out whether somebody is lying, the examiner would compare the taker's reaction to a relevant question with the reaction to the control question. "So how do we measure a response to a neutral question - like 'Is it Tuesday?' - compared to a relevant question - like 'Did you do the bad thing?' whatever the bad thing is." ![]() "Any time I present a stimulus, I'm always going to get a response," Nelson said. While the FBI told Business Insider we would have to file a Freedom of Information Act request to obtain Maschke's records, his website refers to an FBI HQ file released to him in 2001.Īn intense question about spying, however, could cause even a truthful person to react badly. Maschke would know about the FBI's protocol for polygraph tests he says he wrongly failed an FBI polygraph in 1995 when he applied to be a translator. For example, if somebody is interviewing for a position related to national security, such as with the FBI or CIA, the examiner might ask if anyone instructed the taker to seek employment there, Maschke said. While polygraphs are most often used in criminal investigations, certain government agencies can require one as part of the application process. Based on these comparisons, examiners then use statistical analysis to determine the probability that the test taker is lying. It's a similar idea to testing students at the beginning of the school year and the end to measure their progress, Nelson said. Examiners compare a person's answers to relevant questions with the control questions they're expected to lie about. Instead, Nelson writes, polygraphs measure the differences between how truthful people react to relevant questions and control questions and how deceptive people react to those questions.Īnd there's a complicated process for analyzing the results, Nelson said. ![]() That's because polygraphs don't actually measure lies, Nelson writes in a commentary called " The Scientific Basis for Polygraph Testing," published in the polygraph association's journal Polygraph. But the name "lie detector" is a "term of convenience, not science," Raymond Nelson, president of the American Polygraph Association, a trade group representing polygraph examiners, told Business Insider.
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